Research Paper On SCADA Architecture - A Free Sample

Dian Fossey, Primatologist - Profile and Biography

Dian Fossey, Primatologist - Profile and Biography Dian Fossey Facts: Known for: investigation of mountain gorillas, work to save living space for gorillasOccupation: primatologist, scientistDates: January 16, 1932 - December 26?, 1985 Dian Fossey Biography: Dian Fosseys father, George Fossey, left the family when Dian was just three.  Her mother, Kitty Kidd, remarried, however Dians stepfather, Richard Price, debilitated Dians plans. An uncle paid for her education.â Dian Fossey concentrated as a preveterinary understudy in her undergrad work before moving to a word related treatment program. She went through seven years as executive of word related treatment in a Louisville, Kentucky emergency clinic, dealing with youngsters with handicaps. Dian Fossey built up an enthusiasm for mountain gorillas, and needed to see them in their normal natural surroundings. Her first visit to the mountain gorillas came when she went in 1963 on a seven-week safari. She met with Mary and Louis Leakey before heading out to Zaire. She came back to Kentucky and her activity. After three years, Louis Leakey visited Dian Fossey in Kentucky to encourage her to finish on her craving to consider the gorillas. He revealed to her she later discovered it was to test her duty to have her index evacuated before moving to Africa to invest an all-inclusive energy contemplating the gorillas. In the wake of raising assets, including support from the Leakeys, Dian Fossey came back to Africa, visited Jane Goodall to gain from her, and afterward advanced toward Zaire and the home of the mountain gorillas. Dian Fossey earned the trust of the gorillas, yet individuals were another issue. She was arrested in Zaire, disappeared to Uganda, and moved to Rwanda to proceed with her work. She made the Karisoke Research Center in Rwanda in a high mountain run, the Virunga Volcano mountains, however the slight air tested her asthma.  She recruited Africans to help with her work, however lived alone. By procedures she grew, particularly impersonation of the gorilla conduct, she was again acknowledged as a spectator by a gathering of mountain gorillas there. Fossey found and promoted their serene nature and their sustaining family connections. As opposed to standard logical act of the time, she even named the people. From 1970-1974, Fossey went to England to get her doctorate at Cambridge University, in zoology, as a method of loaning more authenticity to her work. Her thesis summed up her work hitherto with the gorillas. Coming back to Africa, Fossey started taking in look into volunteers who expanded the work shed been doing. She started to concentrate more on preservation programs, perceiving that between environment misfortune and poaching, the gorilla populace had been sliced down the middle in the zone in just 20 years. At the point when one of her preferred gorillas, Digit, was murdered, she started an open battle against poachers who slaughtered gorillas, offering rewards and estranging a portion of her supporters.  American authorities, including the Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, convinced Fossey to leave Africa.  Back in America in 1980, she got clinical consideration for conditions that had been disturbed by her segregation and poor nourishment and care. Fossey instructed at Cornell University. In 1983 she distributed Gorillas in the Mist, an advanced form of her examinations. Saying she favored gorillas to individuals, she came back to Africa and to her gorilla inquire about, just as to her enemy of poaching action. On December 26, 1985, her body was found close to the exploration place. Probably, Dian Fossey had been murdered by the poachers shed battled, or their political partners, however Rwandan authorities accused her colleague.  Her murder has never been settled. She was covered in the gorilla burial ground at her Rwandan research station. On her headstone: No one adored gorillas more... She joins different well known ladies tree huggers, ecofeminists, and researchers like Rachel Carson, Jane Goodall, and Wangari Maathai. Book reference Gorillas in the Mist: Dian Fossey. 1988. Dian Fossey: Befriending the Gorillas. Suzanne Freedman, 1997. Lady in the Mists: The Story of Dian Fossey the Mountain Gorillas of Africa. Farley Mowat, 1988. Light Shining Through the Mist: A Photobiography of Dian Fossey: Tom L. Matthews. 1998. Strolling with the Great Apes: Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, Birute Galdikas. Sy Montgomery, 1992.  Murders in the Mist: Who Killed Dian Fossey?  Nicholas Gordon, 1993. The Dark Romance of Dian Fossey. Harold Hayes, 1990. African Madness. Alex Shoumatoff, 1988. Family Father: George Fossey, protection salesMother: Kitty Kidd, modelStepfather: Richard Price Instruction College of California at DavisSan Jose State College

Sample TOEFL Paired Choice Essay Spending Money

Sample TOEFL Paired Choice Essay Spending Money Sample TOEFL Multiple Choice EssayThe QuestionSome people like to spend their money as soon as they earn it, while others think it is better to save their money for some time in the future. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. Do not use memorized examples.Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample Essay Money concerns are a major cause of stress and anxiety in the modern world. In my opinion, it is a really wise idea to save money for the future. I feel this way for two main reasons, which I will explore in the following essay. To begin with, older people are able to make better financial decisions than youngsters due to their experience and maturity. Young people, who have very little worldliness, ar e prone to spending their money on products that are mostly useless and which they quickly tire of. Older people, on the other hand, know which purchases will result in long-term happiness and satisfaction. My own experience is a compelling example of this. When I was young, I spent a tremendous amount of money on video games and comic books which I enjoyed only for a short time. Later, when I enrolled in university, I did not have enough savings to pay for my tuition, and was forced to take out a significant number of student loans. Even today, several years after graduation, I regret not saving much money as a teenager. These days I am a lot more conservative when it comes to spending, and carefully consider all of my future expenses. Secondly, life is full of unexpected emergencies which can cause a lot of anxiety if we do not have a lot of money saved up. According to reports in the media, more than seventy-five percent of all bankruptcies in my country are the result of medical bills. I am totally aware that it is humiliating to lose our financial independence in this way. For example, last year my uncle suffered a major heart attack which required him to undergo very expensive cardiac surgery. He did not have enough money to pay for this procedure, so he had to ask his elderly parents for a loan. They were able to help him because they had resisted the urge to spend and saved money through their entire lives. He felt extremely embarrassed about begging his parents for assistance, especially as he could have avoided the situation by emulating their frugal behavior. In conclusion, I believe that it is better to save money for the future rather than spend it right away. I feel this way because we gain the ability to make better financial decisions as we mature, and because saving money helps us avoid the humiliating effects of unexpected financial emergencies. (405 words)NoteThis is a sample TOEFL paired choice essay written by a native speaker. It follows our TOEFL writing templates for independent essays. If you find it useful, please remember that we have many more sample essaysfor you to read!

Essay on Cloning An Option for Endangered Species...

Cloning: An Option for Endangered Species Conservation Review of the Literature Geneticists know that the technology of cloning lies in the palm of their hands, and its use on domestic animals and now endangered species has already proven successful (â€Å"Endangered Species†; Fields-Meyer and Seaman;Holt et al.; Lanza et al.; Trivedi). The question I ask now is this: Will cloning be used in the conservation of endangered species? This very question has sparked debate between the scientific community and many conservationists. Contrary to the values set forth by many conservationist groups, my research suggests that the cloning of endangered species is, in fact, a viable option in their preservation and repopulation. Most of the†¦show more content†¦The Advanced Cell Technologys article Cloning Noahs Ark along with William Holt and colleagues article on cloning endangered species both do an excellent job of presenting the negative aspects associated with this new technology which concerns many conservationists, but assure their audience that the benefits emerging from cloning endangered species certainly outweigh the costs. As Betsy Dresser stated in a National Geographic article discussing the first successfully cloned endangered species, Saving habitat may not be enough, any tool for saving endangered species is important...Cloning is just another reproductive tool, like in-vitro fertilization (Trivedi). Placed in this context, Dresser never claims that conserving habitats will not work or should be abandoned, but simply suggests that saving an animal’s environment may not be enough. Increasing the numbers in a given population is just as important and cloning may be one of the only options some species have left to survive. Moreover, while critics argue that cloning endangered species would take away from the importance of and focus on habitat preservation, ACT and other scientists make the claim that several nations around the globe are either too poor or to unstable to support a well-maintained preservation site for endangered animals (â€Å"Endangered Species†; Holt et al.; Ryder; Lanza et al). On the otherShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of The White Rhino2826 Words   |  12 Pagesworld is filled with all kinds of mammals, birds, insects, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. There are over one and a half million species already described and documented and believed that there are even more still undocumented today (â€Å"Fact Monster Science† 2014). As much as our amazing world offers us, we humans are taking away as well. It is believed that 99.9% of species are now extinct; many of those that occurred over the last 25,000 years can be attributed to humans (â€Å"Foundational Concepts†2014)Read More Conservation of Endangered Marsupials Essay3178 Words   |  13 PagesConservation of Endangered Marsupials Marsupials are creatures that are a very unique group of mammals. Many creatures are becoming threatened, and some have already become extinct. Threatened marsupials could be a pool of agricultural, medicinal, or genetic wealth that we do not yet have the technology to utilize. There are many methods to conserving these genetic pools; one of which is through reproduction manipulation. Artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and nuclear transfer areRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pagesto PG’s website, â€Å"Four billion times a day, PG brands touch the lives of people around the world.† PG recently launched Future Friendly, which is â€Å"a program that empowers consumers to save energy, save water, and reduce waste.† To promote its conservation initiative, PG enlisted the help of Facebook. On April 19, 2010, PG unveiled a Billion Acts of Greenâ„ ¢ Facebook application which allows people to â€Å"make a pledge to lessen their e nvironmental impact and promote environmentally beneficial habitsRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestogether to undertake various activities, often out of sheer necessity because there are so many things we cannot do alone without the help of other people. We are, if we are anything, social beings who are usually reliant on other members of our species for survival. To put it bluntly, we are mutually interdependent because we rely on one another and this may be both a strength and a weakness. Imagine if you had to survive alone for a long period of time without the support of the various organizations

The Rights Of Public School - 920 Words

According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, religion is an â€Å"organized system of beliefs† that has certain rules in worshiping a god or multiple gods. For many years, the role of teaching the Bible and prayer in public schools has been a major dispute causing religious freedom issues in America. Because of this controversy, the U.S. Supreme Court has long made it clear that the Constitution prohibits public school-sponsored prayer or religious instruction. Although the law has taken effect, there are still topics under debate. Even though the Constitutional law protects the rights of public school students, why does it not fully defend the staff and faculty members? Including religion in the core curriculum helps create a well-rounded education for the students. School boards must take into consideration the economic effects that have bombarded the young adults because of their restrictions towards religious beliefs. Public school systems, including students and staff mem bers, should be allowed to participate in religious activities because of their constitutional freedom, educational purposes, and improvement of political life. According to the U.S. Constitution, every person has their right of freedom, whether it be free expression of speech, or religion. A student’s religious liberty in public schools protects their voluntary ability to pray and express religious viewpoints, assuming that they do not cause a disruption or interfere with the education of other students.Show MoreRelated Public Schools: We Have the Right to Pray Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesPublic Schools: We Have the Right to Pray Prayer in public schools has been a controversial issue in our country for a very long time.   According to the First Amendment, the government shall not establish any official religion. Therefore, as long as the government doesnt make it mandatory for the students to pray, they should be allowed to at least have that choice. One minute set aside for a student to either have a moment of silence or to have their own prayer isnt hurting anyone, as longRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The United States Public Schools2111 Words   |  9 PagesEducation has been a staple necessity throughout the United States for years. From an early age, children attend school in order to learn concepts that will better prepare them for success in the future. Since Brown v. Board of Education, a nineteen fifty four court case that declared segregation in the United States public school system holds no ground, integration has been essentially mandated between blacks and whites in the education pr ogram (Hannah-Jones, 2014). Over the years, however, theRead MoreAn Examination Of Public School Students Fourth Amendment Rights On Campus2286 Words   |  10 Pages Privacy vs. Safety An Examination of Public School Students’ Fourth Amendment Rights on Campus Kathryn Hesse Communication 385 Fall 2014 The Fourth Amendment was written to protect every American’s personal right to privacy by issuing requirement for searches and seizures of one’s person and property. This amendment protects U.S. citizens from having their privacy violated by the government for no reason. According to the Fourth Amendment, â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their personsRead MorePublic High School Students Have The First Amendment Right Of Free Expression And The Fourth Amendment Protection Against Unreasonable1277 Words   |  6 PagesPublic high school students have the First Amendment right of free expression and the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches while they’re at school. These protections extend a student’s social media and to the digital contents of their cell phones. At the same time, public high schools have special characteristics associated with their duty to educate students and provide a safe and orderly place conducive t o learning and so students accept greater restrictions of their constitutionalRead More Freedom Of Expression Essay748 Words   |  3 Pages All people in the United States are guaranteed this right by the Constitution. Students, however, do not have this right to the same extent as adults. This is because public schools are required to protect all students at the school. The major aspects of this right are speech and dress. Both the right to speech and dress are not absolute in public high schools. According to the American Civil Liberties Union: quot;You (students) have a right to express your opinions as long as you do so in a wayRead MoreFree Speech Rights, The Establishment Clause, And Their Incorporation Under The 14th Amendment1309 Words   |  6 Pagesinvolves a number of issues concerning free speech rights, the Establishment Clause, and their incorporation under the 14th Amendment. First, the Court must first decide whether the school facilities sought for use by the petitioner constitute a public forum to determine which standard of review should be applied to the State’s regulations. Upon establishing the standard of review to be used, the Court must determine whether the 1st Amendment free speech rights of the petitioner as applied to the statesRead More Religion in Public Schools - More Questions than Answers Essay examples1161 Words   |  5 PagesPrayer in Public Schools - More Questions than Answers    Censorship is a very broad topic.   Is it good or bad?   Often, we ask ourselves if such things need to exist because of the First Amendment right.   It states, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.   (AmendmentsRead MoreReligion Should Not Be Allowed in Public Schools1293 Words   |  6 Pagesare attending public schools they should be aware of their religion options. The student should have the right to practice their religion as they please, just on the own time. Yes, religion plays a huge part in molding a person but, should be practiced when the time is available, not in a classroom setting. The government should have the ability to control the protection of the students that just want to learn. The capability to regulate the religious pra ctices while attending public educational institutionsRead MoreDiscovering The Relationship Between the Law and Your School Essay933 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract Today schools are changing to integrate the 21st century. Therefore, it is imperative that educational administrators are aware of the legal framework facing the issues in schools. There are many issues the administrators will face and they must know the constitutional rights of individuals and the school. The Constitution contains the laws of the United States. Discovering the Relationship between the Law and Your School There are no references to education in the ConstitutionRead MoreEssay on Prayer in Public Schools1051 Words   |  5 Pagesin Public Schools An issue that has been constantly debated for years is whether voluntary prayer in public schools should be permitted. A student should be allowed to pray voluntarily at the beginning of each school day based on many reasons. Prayer based on moral beliefs reinforce good citizenship as defined by our forefathers. A daily reminder of a need for the belief of good over evil is a necessary part of this society. Daily voluntary school prayer should be re-instated in public schools

Tranisition Into a Global Organization Free Essays

What marketing considerations do you need to understand as you evolve from a domestic supplier or international distributor to a fully integrated global company? Is it an easy transition or does it demand restructuring of your market functions? There are many factors an organization must consider before and during the transition into a fully integrated global company. Although the transition may not be easy, evaluation of and planning for these considerations will enable an organization to evolve into a strong global organization. During this process of transition from a domestic company to a true global organization, some restructuring of the market functions will have to occur. We will write a custom essay sample on Tranisition Into a Global Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now The traditional marketing model from the seller’s point of view, or the Four â€Å"Ps† of marketing, is based on Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. This model is based on the assumption that the marketplace is driven by manufacturers. According to Schultz and Kitchen (2000), manufactured-driven marketplace has â€Å"evolved† into a distribution-driven market place where major retailers or distributors like Wal-Mart control the marketplace. Schultz and Kitchen (2000) go on to state that the marketplace is continuing to evolve into a newly emerging interactive marketplace brought about by the development of the internet and new e-commerce business applications. In this new interactive marketplace, the consumer interests rule and as a result, manufacturers, according to Schultz and Kitchen (2000) must adjust to consumer needs. This new trend has led to a new marketing model from the consumer’s point of view. This model, called the Four â€Å"Cs† is consumer oriented as opposed to the traditional seller oriented Four â€Å"Ps† model. The Four â€Å"Cs† model of marketing are Customers, Company, Competitors, and Circumstances. The global marketplace, according to Schultz and Kitchen (2000) is a combination of the other three marketplace functions. If this is the case, an organization that wishes to evolve into a fully integrated global company must evaluate the global market based on the Four â€Å"Ps† and the Four â€Å"Cs† and develop a business plan accordingly to the specific marketplace of implementation. What works locally for a domestic organization may not work lobally. Consider the example of the Starbucks Company failure in Australia. According to Patterson, Scott and Uncles (2010), a contributing factor to the failure of Starbucks in the Australian marketplace was that Starbucks tried to bring â€Å"what worked in the US and applying it here (Australia), without really understanding the local market. † Starbucks had an unsustainable business model because the company failed to do the research that would have enabled the company to effectively market its product to the Australian consumer. References Patterson, P. , Scott, J. , Uncles, M.. (2010). How the local competition defeated a global brand: The case of Starbucks. Australasian Marketing Journal, 18, 41-47. Retrieved from http://proquest. umi. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/pqdweb? did=2097829591sid=4Fmt=3clientId=62546RQT=309VName=PQD Schultz, D. Kitchen, P.. (2000). Communicating Globally: An integrated marketing approach. Lincolnwood, IL: McGraw-Hill, Inc. Retrieved from http://site. ebrary. com/lib/apus/docDetail. action? docID=10153056 How to cite Tranisition Into a Global Organization, Papers

System Analysis and Design Documentatio Essay Example

System Analysis and Design Documentatio Essay Introduction The computer is most likely one of the great technologies ever invented. Nowadays, people tend to see the future with computers in it. Presently computers have influenced the society and they do more than simply compute. Computers can now be on office tool and commonly used in businesses. More complex information can be collected and explored with the use of computer-based information system. Information technology nowadays, invaded the workplace and served modern corporations a proficient infrastructure. Due to futuristic ideas of people, they tend to use an information system to their businesses. Some even pay a high amount of money in order to obtain an information system. Though in reality futuristic ideas of people or company owners is only one of the few reasons why people choose to have an information system. There are many businesses that play a vital role in the society. And the researchers focus on Health care, specifically Dental Health care. According to Ardee Joy’s thesis regarding a patient information system that whether information is handwritten or entered electronically, the medical orders become a part of a patient is very important for dental records are mostly gathered when a person dies. We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Documentatio specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Documentatio specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on System Analysis and Design Documentatio specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Health care is the preservation of mental and physical health by preventing or treating illness through services offered by the health professionals. Whereas, dental health is preservation of the tooth and preventing or treating various problems of the tooth. According to Taylor of the book ‘qualitative research methods, the public requires a health facility which can also be applied to a dental facility four qualities of their health or dental care system, these are quality, affordability, security and access. A manual based system or a method of collecting and storing data or information using paper, can achieve only few of the four requirements. That’s why people or business owners or in the researcher’s case dental facility owners turn to information technology for support. According to Harrison (2006) of the book entitled â€Å"The role of clinical information systems in health care quality improvement†. It says that the quality of a computer based information system is higher than a manual based system for a manual based system consists of more problems rather than a computer based information system. That is why private sectors, health or dental care providers are moving away from traditional paper based medical or dental records to electronic versions. A dental clinic information system or dental office information system is a system made for owners of dental clinic. This system is only suitable for a dental clinic, dental clinic information system is different from a medical information system for medical covers the medical condition of a patient while dental clinic information system only covers the dental condition of a patient. A dental Information system consists of patient information system, where  the entire patient’s information and a few question regarding their health and dental history are collected and stored. This system excludes the amount of the treatment that has been offered though the treatment is recorded in Patient Information system. A Billing system is where the computation of the amount of each treatment offered to its patient and its total amount. Some even add the usage of credit or debit cards in billing system. A dental information also includes the reservation of appointments to the dentist assigned to the treatment the patient wanted. The researchers decided to make a dental information system in order to reduce or eliminate paper works. Institutional errors, human errors and time cost can be substantially reduced and coordination of each worker will be improved. Background of the Study Manual based system is very often in a newly opened establishment just like Sibulo-Gutierrez dental clinic which opened just last year, 2011. Though the company is passed through generation the Sibulo-Gutierrez just opened its facilities in 2011. The other owners have closed their facilities. A manual based system can be determined when a company or a business uses paper in collecting and storing confidential files. Presently the Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic is still running with the use of a manual based system. The manual processes are; writing the dental information of the patient on an index card; recording the patient information, medical and dental history on a piece of paper; placing the billing information on another separate piece of paper; and on a calendar the scheduled appointments of each dentist. Based on the researchers’ observation, the manual based system of the Sibulo-Gutierrez dental has several problems such as the security measures, efficiency, or time cost, money cost, and reliability. Security measures or control measures for the researchers have observed that even an unauthorized person can access the manual based system of Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic. Efficiency or time cost in a manual based system is noting down of information and this takes time. Money cost for buying bundles of papers would cost a big amount of money. The Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic has a computer inside their clinic that they use for entertainment as what has the researchers observed. If the Dental Clinic will have a computer based information system is money cost will lessen. Reliability is the quality of being dependable. A computer based information system is more reliable compare to a manual based system for in a computer based information system, files will not get easily lose unless the user didn’t save the information correctly. The researchers therefore conclude and decided to propose a Dental Clinic Information System for Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic. The researchers aim to make a system that will contain a patient information system, billing system and appointment reservation system. A patient information system is a system where all the information relating to the patient is recorded and stored. A billing system on the other hand, is a system where the amounts of each treatment are stored and computed. This will also contain the payments made by the patient. And an appointment reservation system contains the appointment made or requested by the patient. These three systems will be connected to each other in terms of the name of the patient and dentist, the treatment made to the patient, and the date. The researchers considered four things in order to say that the system is essential to the dental clinic. One, the quality of the system will help the company for it reduce time and energy in searching such information. Two, affordability for instead of buying tons of paper and index cards, the company only needs a personal computer. And the last two are security and access. Anyone in the company can use the system for it has instructions that can be easily understood by the users. The records and confidential files are also secured for the system has a log in system so that the user can only open and see the records. Scope and limitation The researchers aim to conduct a study of Dental Clinic Information System for Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic. In this chapter, a provision of information regarding the scope and limitation of the researchers’ system will be stated. This will help in knowing the capabilities of the said system and the system’s limitations. The study involves observation on how the manual based system of the company works. The outcome of the observation will help the researchers know what the system would look like. The researchers would like to emphasize more on Dental Clinic Information System wherein there are subsystems which are Patient Information System and Billing System. The patient information system revolves around the recording of the brief patient information, medical and dental history and also recording the patient’s dental check-up and the treatments to be done on the patient. The billing system on the other hand, covers the name of the patient, the treatment made, the dentist’s name who made the treatment the amount of each treatment, and the total amount of all the treatment. The study also covers the listing of appointments of patients to the dentist. The system is limited to the credit or debit cards. The company doesn’t accept credit or debit cards due to various requirements that aren’t met by the company. So with that, the researchers didn’t include credit and debit card processes to the system for it will not be necessary for the company is not necessary. Though the system doesn’t accepts debit or credit cards, they still accepts health cards namely; maxicare, healthwise, intellicare, Filipinodoctors, forturecare, omni, asianlife and philcare. The system does not also have a sign up application; though it has a log in system other user cannot create another account for it. The company only prescribes medicine but does not sells, so the system only contains the prescriptions. The user of the proposed system will be the secretary of the Dental Clinic. The patient will still answer the patient form using the paper, but afterwards the secretary will be the one who will encode the records to the database for the future use and for storing. Statement of the problem This study is intended to design and develop a dental information system for Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic. 1 . What are the problems encountered in the current system of the Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic in terms of the following: a. Recording; b. Billing; and c. Schedule Reservation. 2. What are the features or characteristics to be measured in terms of the following: a. security; b.data accuracy; and c. user-friendly 3. What are the recommendations that the dental clinic can obtain in terms of the following: a. Dentist; b. Patient; and c. Future Reader? Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature Local literature According to Lumbers (2002) a thesisist who made a study entitled, â€Å"a Systematic Enrolment Process Using Database System in Saint John Academy. Calamba, Laguna†. She stated that a database application will increase the efficiency of the enrolment process in the school. In the researchers study, efficiency is one of its aim for the dental clinic lacks efficiency in finding such records. With the use of a database, Information will be recorded properly in a database. And searching such information will be easily found with just one click. According to Lazaro’s(2004)study entitled â€Å"Liceo delos Banos record management system†, confidential records should kept in a database where only authorized person/s can be able to access. The researchers company, Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic, has many confidential files sush as information about the patients and dentists. A log in application where only authorized people know the password and username should be able to access the database. According to Velasco (2002), maintaining records manually is a very difficult task and very time consuming. In his study entitled â€Å"Maulawin National High School Student Information System†, he decided as a resolve to the manual based system of recording files he conducted a computerized system which will lessen or diminish the problem. The researcher’s problems are the same on Velasco’s, and the answer to those problems the researchers proposed a system that will diminish the company’s problem. Foreign Literature Computers are very flexible in terms of usability. Silverman and Turkey stated in their book â€Å"Computer Language†, that computers plays an important role in people’s daily work and leisure activities. Many circumstances a person can think that will need an involvement of a computer such as engineering, manufacturing, scientific and in the researcher’s case business and health care. Business and health care are two important activities for this study for the researchers will do this study for the business of the owners of the dental clinic. And health care for the establishment that will benefit the study is a healthcare institution. The researchers believed that the existence of the computer is a great turning point to people. It does not only concerns large companies but also to the small business who are really willing to put everything a systematic way of managing form a very simple paperwork for the monitoring of customers. According to Alcaira (1999), he stated that using computers will help the person to acquire a new knowledge for the person will not use papers in recording files but a system that is especially made for that company or business. Alcaira also said that handling information manually is conflicting. The researchers will make a system that will be easy to understand and use or access, the person who will use the system is guaranteed that he will not have a hard time figuring things out. The Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic as have said uses a paper Based System. This System will cost more time for the user always needs to rearrange information in a way where it will be easily collected when needed. The researchers considered a computer based system for Hammer (2003) stated that a computer or a computer based system could eliminate the need for copying or rearranging information. Hammer also stated that a computer can do computations in short according to Hammer computer can eliminate most of the paperwork. Output * All the data are stored in a database for future use. * SQL database * Dental Clinic Information System for Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic Input Patient Information -First Name, Middle Initial, Surname, Date, Citizenship, Age, Gender, Civil Status, Birth Date, Occupation, Mobile Number, Email Address, Fax Number Tel. Num, Regular Dental Appointment Reminder preference. Process The current processes in the Dental Clinic system includes Storing the patient’s information such as the dental history, medical history, and check-up result. Creation of a reservation of the dental appointment for the dentist. Computation of the total amount of the entire patient’s treatment. Conceptual Framework FEEDBACK Figure 1. 0 (Dental Clinic Information System for Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic) The figure above shows the input, process and output of the system. The input contains the information needed by the system. This information must be inputted in order for the system to process the recording of the information. All the information inputted will be stored in an SQL database for future use and storage. Definition of terms 1. Amalgam is an alloy of mercury with various metals used for dental fillings. 2. Caries-also known as tooth decay or a cavity, is an infection, bacterial in origin, that causes demineralization and destruction of the hard tissues (enamel, dentin and cementum), usually by production of acid by bacterial fermentation of the food debris accumulated on the tooth surface. 3. Composite filling- is a tooth colored plastic and glass mixture used to restored decayed teeth. Composites are used for cosmetic improvements of the smile by changing the color of the teeth or reshaping disfigured teeth 4. Dental Clinic Information System- a system specially made for a dental clinic. 5. Dentist- the person who provided terms and information for the researchers. 6. Extraction- is the removal of a tooth from the mouth. 7. Impacted- is a tooth that is all the way or partially below the gum line and is not able to erupt properly. 8. Paper Based System- it is a type of manual based system which uses paper in storing information. The Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic uses this kind of system. 9. Porcelain jacket crown- are full porcelain ceramic crowns cover that protects the entire surface of a tooth. 10. Secretary- the user of the system. Chapter 3 Conclusion 1. Based on the researchers study, system and observation various conclusions were sought. The researcher concluded that there are problems on the current system of the Sibulo-Gutierrez Dental Clinic. The researchers saw the problem in recording information, billing and reserving an appointment. The common problems in recording information are money cost for paper is an expensive material especially when an individual uses a large amount every day, time cost for writing consumes a lot time and lack of efficiency for writing as have said consume time. In the billing the common problem is money cost for the paper expenses. In the reservation, the problem is using a calendar which consumes space to the table and not enough space for the information to be written. 2.The researchers included features in the Dental Clinic Information System which corresponds to the three categories namely; security, accuracy and user –friendly. For the security, the researchers include a login application. With this feature the confidential records will be secured to the people who want to access the dental Clinic Information System. For the accuracy, the researchers designated formulas in order to automate the computations in the system. This feature will eliminate the use of calculators. The Dental Clinic Information System has instructions that can be easily understood by the user. This feature is considered user friendly by the researchers for the system with this instructions, won’t be a burden to the user. 3. The researchers can recommend the dental Clinic with our system to other dentists, patients of the said dental clinic and to the future reader of the researchers documentation. The Dentist of other dental clinic can adapt the system so that their encountered problems while they use the manual based system can be omitted. The patients can have less time in visiting the dental clinic. The future reader on the other hand can obtain more knowledge with the researchers documentation. Recommendation Based on the findings and conclusion, the researcher recommends the following: 1. A continues monitoring of system’s efficiency and reliability in meeting its objective shall be taken in place. 2. Possible restructuring or enhancement of the system is recommended, specially on the design interface, enhancement or normalization of the current database. 3. An evaluation is a recommended in order to test if the system did meet the expectations of the Dental Clinic.